# forwardRef

**Kind:** Function

**Source:** [`packages/common/utils/forward-ref.util.ts`](https://github.com/nestjs/nest/blob/master/packages/common/utils/forward-ref.util.ts#L6)

**Part of:** [Common](subsystem-packages-common)

## Signature

```ts
function forwardRef(fn: () => any): ForwardReference
```

## Parameters

| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| `fn` | `() => any` |

**Returns:** `ForwardReference`

## Used by

25 references from 17 files. Each is a place in this repository where the symbol is actually used — go read one rather than trusting an example.

### Imported by (8)

- `CircularModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/circular.module.ts`:5
- `InputModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/input.module.ts`:5
- `CircularPropertiesModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-properties/circular-properties.module.ts`:5
- `InputPropertiesModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-properties/input-properties.module.ts`:5
- `CircularModule` — `integration/inspector/src/circular-modules/circular.module.ts`:5
- `InputModule` — `integration/inspector/src/circular-modules/input.module.ts`:5
- `AModule` — `integration/testing-module-override/circular-dependency/a.module.ts`:7
- `BModule` — `integration/testing-module-override/circular-dependency/b.module.ts`:7

### Imported by (17)

- `CircularService` — `integration/injector/src/circular/circular.service.ts`:4
- `InputService` — `integration/injector/src/circular/input.service.ts`:4
- `CircularModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/circular.module.ts`:5
- `CircularService` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/circular.service.ts`:4
- `InputModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/input.module.ts`:5
- `InputService` — `integration/injector/src/circular-modules/input.service.ts`:4
- `CircularPropertiesModule` — `integration/injector/src/circular-properties/circular-properties.module.ts`:5
- `CircularService` — `integration/injector/src/circular-properties/circular.service.ts`:4

…and 9 more.